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Albert Hyman
Albert S. Hyman (1893 - 1972), a New York cardiologist, together with his brother Charles, constructed in 1930-1932 an electro-mechanical device which was one of the earliest artificial pacemakers. The device was, reportedly, tested on experiment animals and at least one human patient.〔Furman S, Szarka G, Layvand D, "Reconstruction of Hyman's second pacemaker", ''Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol.'' 2005, May;28(5) pp 446-453.〕
The first artificial pacemaker was invented by Australian anaesthesiologist Dr Mark C Lidwell, and was used by him to resuscitate a newborn baby at the Crown Street Women's Hospital, Sydney, in 1926. However it was Hyman who used and popularised the term "artificial pacemaker", which remains in use to this day.〔Aquilina O, "(A brief history of cardiac pacing )", ''Images Paediatr Cardiol'' 27 (2006), pp.17-81.〕
Lidwell did not patent his invention and chose to remain anonymous for many years to avoid public controversy, and Hyman's machine did not gain general acceptance from the medical community, which opposed him in his attempts to popularise the use of his version of the invention.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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